الشافية ومنهج الأنصاري (دراسة وتحقيق)
Abstract
لما كانت غزارة الكتب المتنّوعة إحدى الأدلّة على وجود الأمّة وعمقها وأصالتها,ولما كانت المكتبة العربية تزخر بمئات الكتب المطبوعة التي أثرت وماتزال تؤثر في الأمة والأفراد في مختلف العلوم والفنون والآداب .
ولما كانت المئات من الكتب المهمة التي يرد ذكرها في كتب النحويين المطبوعة ما تزا ل مغيّبةً في غياهب المكتبات ودور المخطوطات تنتظرمن يطلق أسرها لتحتل مكانة مرموقةً بها وبصاحبها.
ولما كان تحقيق المخطوطات من الأعمال التي كنت وماأزال أهفو إليها بالرغم من المصاعب والمشاق التي تعترض من يروم خوض غماره قررت ارتياضه وتحمّل مشاقّه.
وقع اختياري على كتاب (المناهج الكافية في شرح الشافية) للشيخ زكريا الأنصاري 926هـ لأنه شرح لواحد من الكتب الصرفية المهمة التي عُدّت خلاصة ماانتهى إليه المتقدمون ومَنْ تلاهم في درس مسائل هذا العلم ، بالإضافةِ إلى غيرتي على هذا العلم الجليل .فنظرة سريعة فيما نشرمن نصوص العربية ,تظهر بجلاء أن عناية الدارسين بإخراج النصوص النحوية , تفوق عنايتهم بنشر نظائرها في التصريف مع أنه ممَّا تمس حاجة اللغة العربية إليه والنحو خاصّة.
Alshafia is an introduction in Morphology. It can be divided to three parts : Declension, Declinable Cases and practice questions. More than twenty five explications came about it, one of which is The Adequate Methodology In “Alshafia” Explication written by Sheikh Zakarya Alanssari (dec.926Hj.) whose methodology was distinguished for being clear and brief, far from philosophy, well ordered and organized . He scanned Alshafia Text to syllables to detail each separately as regards ending control, explication, ideas and choices . Alanssari had two methods in explication .The first was through mentioning the Scholars sayings and justifications .
The second was through mentioning the grammatical differences represented by two schools, Albassra School and Alkoufeh School . Through the lines of his explication we get an idea about his scientific and educational character .
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