دوافع الموقف الروسي في الأزمة السورية
Abstract
تبنت روسيا الاتحادية، في تعاطيها مع الأزمة السورية، سياسةً أكثر قرباً للقانون الدولي، وبالطبع مدفوعةً بمصالح وطنية روسية من أهمها البقاء في حوض المتوسط، والتصدي لمشروع الدرع الصاروخية الأمريكية، وموازنة القواعد الأمريكية في تركيا بقواعد لها في سورية، إضافةً إلى إحباط المحاولات الغربية الرامية لكسر سيطرتها على قطاع الطاقة الأوروبي. وفي ذات السياق، نظرت روسيا الاتحادية بقلقٍ بالغ لتصاعد التيارات الإسلامية عبر موجة الاضطرابات التي شهدتها الدول العربية ووصولها للسلطة في عدد منها، وعبَّرت روسيا عن خشيتها من تأثير ذلك على أمنها القومي. الأمر الذي يؤكّد بما لاشك فيه أن السلوك الروسي خلال الأزمة السورية قد أسس لمرحلة جديدة من التوازن في النظام الدولي، خاصَّة مع ما رافق هذه الأزمة من انقسام حاد في المواقف الدولية من جهة، وإصرار الأطراف الإقليمية والدولية على تحقيق مصالحهم على الأرض السورية.
Dealing with the Syrian crisis, Russian Federation has adopted a policy which is closer to international law and, of course, driven by Russian national interests including staying in the Mediterranean basin, countering the American missile defence system, balancing the American bases in Turkey with Russian bases in Syria, In the same context, Russian Federation considered that the rise of the Islamic trend through the wave of unrests in the Arab countries constitutes a direct threat to its national security, the thing which confirms that the Russian behavior during the Syrian crisis has established a new phase of balance in the international system, especially with the crisis accompanied by a sharp split in international positions on the one hand, and the insistence of regional and international parties to achieve their interests on the Syrian territory, on the other.
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