دور قابلية التشييد في تحسين مؤشرات الجودة التصميمية للمشاريع الهندسية /التجربة المحلية/
Abstract
تعاني مشاريعنا الإنشائية من ضعف في المعارف والخبرات التنفيذية؛ والتي يمكن أن تظهر في قلة الخبرة في مجال التنفيذ للمهندسين القائمين على إعداد التصاميم الهندسية من جهة وفي تدني المستوى والإمكانيات التقنية للمتعهدين الذين يقومون بتنفيذ هذه التصاميم من جهة ثانية. ويفرض هذا الواقع قابلية تشييد منخفضة وظروفاً غير ملائمة لانسياب عملية التشييد وفق الخطط والبرامج الزمنية الموضوعة لها، وبالتالي حصول تأخير في تنفيذ المشاريع وزيادة في الكلفة التقديرية.
يقدم البحث دراسة نظرية وميدانية لقابلية التشييد والمشاكل التي تعترض التشييد أثناء عملية التنفيذ والأثر الزمني والمالي والفني والقانوني الناتج عنها، وفق منهجية علمية وأسئلة مدروسة واستقصاءات ميدانية موثقة من مشاريع نفذت أو قيد التنفيذ، وصولاً لوضع خطوط عريضة تكون بمثابة مرشد ودليل للمصمم والمدقق والمشرف والمنفذ بغية الحصول على سلعة إنشائية معاصرة ومواكبة للتطور التقني، تراعي شروط الجودة المطلوبة.
It is evident that constructional projects suffer from insufficient knowledge and expertise in carrying out designed projects. This is clearly manifested through the inadequate expertise of the engineers preparing projects’ design and the lack of technical and competence abilities on the part of contractors who carry out the practical steps to implement these designs. These inappropriate building circumstances resulted in less constructability and substantial delay in implementing the designed projects as well as an increase in the total estimated cost of a given project.
This survey presents a field investigation of constructability that quantifies the problems that might encounter constructional operations during the implementation phase. It also appraises the time effect and the financial and legal consequences of such problems. The survey utilizes a scientific method and uses carefully designed and chosen questionnaires to gather data from completed projects or projects in implementation phase. The results of this study will help to establish guidelines for designers, filed supervisors and auditors with the goal of attaining a modern establishment that meets the latest technical developments and congregates quality assurance standards.
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