The impact of money laundering on the political and economic stability of countries (Case study of the United States of America, France and Egypt)

Abstract

The international arena in the modern era is witnessing rapid transformations, imposed by globalization and the development of communication means, which has led to the growth of challenges that transcend traditional geographical and political borders. The international environment has become more complex, characterized by overlapping interests and intertwined threats, especially those related to transnational organized crimes. Money laundering is among the most prominent of these crimes, due to its complex nature and the ramifications of its effects. It does not arise from a vacuum, but is linked to other criminal activities. It is considered one of the most dangerous transnational organized crimes, as it poses a direct threat to the political and economic systems of countries. It allows criminal groups to introduce illicit funds into the formal economy, distorting the market and creating a fertile environment for corruption. It also contributes to political instability by penetrating state institutions and weakening the rule of law. Its transnational nature increases its danger, as it exploits legal gaps between countries and hinders national and international efforts to combat it.