دراسة المحتوى الكيميائي لأوراق الريحان Ocimum basilicum L. وتأثير منقوعها المائي فيعدد الخلايا المحيطة بأسناخ الغدة اللبنية لإناث الجرذان
Abstract
تم تقدير المركبات الغذائية والمركبات الكيميائية الفعالة لأوراق نبات الريحان Ocimum basilicum باستخدام الطرائق القياسية. وقد بينت التحليلات الكيميائية أن النسبة المئوية لمحتوى الرطوبة والكربوهيدرات و الزيت الكلي والرماد و البروتين الخام والألياف الخام في أوراق نبات الريحان على أساس المادة الجافة كانت 10.90 , 51.47 , 2.83 , 16.20 , 18.30 , 16.50 % على التوالي. وجرى الكشف النوعي عن بعض المركبات الفعالة في المستخلصين المائي والكحولي وتضمنت التربيناتTerpinene , الصابونياتSaponins , القلويدات Alkaloids, التانيناتTannins , الغلايكوسيدات Glycosides, الستيرويدات Steroids, الفلافونويدات Flavonoidsو اﻠــ Phlobatannins . بيّن التقدير الكمي لأوراق الريحان وجود المكونات الفعالة , القلويدات 15.90% , الصابونيات 5.35% و الفلافونويدات 14.51% . واحتواء الريحان على تلك المركبات الكيميائية يعطيه قيمة غذائية جيدة. وفي الدراسة النسيجية ظهر تأثير الريحان معنويا في زيادة عدد الخلايا المحيطة بأسناخ الغدة اللبنية لإناث الجرذان العذارى المعاملة بمنقوع أوراق الريحان المجففة مقارنة بمجوعة السيطرة والتي أعطيت ماء الشرب الاعتيادي وكان متوسط عدد الخلايا (16.6و 27.3) في إناث الجرذان غير المعاملة والمعاملة على التوالي.
Food compounds and effective chemical compounds were estimated in Ocimum basilicum L. by using standard methods. Chemical analyses showed that the percentage of moisture content, carbohydrates, total oil, ash, crude protein and crude fiber in the leaves of basil on a dry matter basis was 10.90, 51.47, 2.83, 16.20, 18.30, 16.50%, respectively. The qualitative detection of some of the active compounds in aqueous extract and alcoholic extract included turbines, Saponins, alkaloids, tannins, Glycosides, steroids, flavonoids and the Phlobatannins. A quantitative estimation of the basil leaves was done and the presence of effective components, alkaloids 15.90%, Saponins 5.35% and Flavonoids 14.51% was checked. Such chemical compounds give basil a good nutritional value. In the histological study, the effect of basil significantly increased the number of cells around Alveolus of the virgin female rats, which were treated with dried basil leaves ( watery) compared with control group which were given drinking water. The average number of cells in female rats which were untreated and treated was respectively 16.6 and 27.3
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