Synthesis of alkene from phosphorus ylide based on the Wittig reaction

Abstract

In this research, a new method was developed for the preparation of phosphonium salt (benzyl triphenyl phosphonium chloride salt) by studying the effect of solvents on the reaction efficiency. The results showed that using ethyl acetate as a solvent resulted in a low yield of 22%. When adding toluene at a ratio of 20% to ethyl acetate (80:20 ratio), the yield improved to 53%. When the ratio was adjusted to 50% ethyl acetate and 50% toluene, the yield increased significantly to 81%. The best results were obtained when using toluene as the main solvent, where the yield reached 93%, proving that toluene is the optimal choice for this reaction. The resulting phosphonium salt was then reacted with sodium hydroxide solution to produce phosphorane, which was used to synthesize three alkenes by reacting with Methyl phenyl ketone, acetylacetone, and benzaldehyde, respectively:

((Prop-1-ene-1,2-diyldibenZene-(E)), (4-methyl-5-phenylpent_4_ene_2_one)

(1,2-Diphenylethylene) ․