Design and Analysis a MIMO Antenna Based on a Fractal Distribution of Graphene material for THz Applications

Abstract

Terahertz (THz) band is one of the least explored regions of the electromagnetic spectrum, and just a few materials respond to these frequencies. Thus, THz is considered a pivotal solution to support applications that require high data rates, such as the sixth-generation wireless communication systems. Graphene has been suggested as a promising candidate due to its unique characteristics and high electrical conductivity, unlike traditional metal antennas. THz band requires enhanced channel capacity and high data rates; therefore, multi-input multi-output systems (MIMO) are used in the THz band. This study presents the design and performance analysis of a MIMO antenna based on a fractal structure of graphene operating in THz band. This research studies the antenna’s capability for dynamic frequency reconfiguration by controlling the chemical potential (Fermi level). Changing the resonance frequency by adjusting graphene's chemical potential confirms the antenna's tunability. Furthermore, employing fractal structures of graphene results in a multiband antenna whose frequencies can be tuned by varying the fractal parameters. Using CST Studio Simulator, we analyzed the effects of graphene and fractal geometry parameters on the antenna's performance.