Effect of the parent rock on plant species diversity (Latakia Governorate)

Abstract

The aim of this research is to evaluate the compositional and functional plant biodiversity in Lattakia Governorate, on different types of parent rock. The study was conducted during 2022 and 2023, in 67 samples of 400 m² each, distributed at different altitudes and exposures, and within diverse habitats, on five types of parent rock: sandstone and marl with conglomera, limestone with dolomite, limestone with dolomite and marl, limestone with marl and clay, green ophiolut rocks. Site data were collected and plant surveys were conducted. Compositional diversity indices (species richness index, Shannon index), and plant similarity ratio (Sorenson index), were calculated. Functional diversity was studied through four traits, related directly or indirectly to ecosystem functions: sexual system, pollination pattern, life form, and dispersal pattern.

The results showed no significant correlation between parent rock and either the specific richness and Shannon indices, while the Sorenson index showed low levels of similarity in general. On the other hand, functional traits showed some significant differences between green ophiolite rocks and limestone rocks of various forms, particularly limestone with clay and argillaceous clay.